Soils with pH values > 6.5 are not amenable to treatment for commercial tea growing. Therefore, the main objectives of this research were 1) to assess the chemical properties and nutrient status of tea soils, and 2) to encourage the organic farming system for long term fertility of soil.The sampling sites were selected for collecting the samples in organic tea gardens at Panchaghar namely as Kazi & Kazi Tea Estate. And for the experiments of evaluation and comparison, the selected ordinary tea gardens as secondary data were Zareen Tea Estate, Nurjahan Tea Estate and Malnichara Tea Estate in Sylhet and Moulovibazar districts. Zareen Tea Estate  started in 1932 AD in Moulovibazar district. It covers about 276 ha of land. Its elevation is 18m. The land is medium flat. Temperature varies from 23˚C to 30˚C. The average rainfall is medium that is 3286 mm. Vegetation is mainly tea, shade trees of various species, rubber, eucalyptus, pineapples, lemons, bamboo, grasses, etc. The people are mainly day labors and tea labors. Nurjahan Tea Estate  started in 1879 AD in Moulovibazar district. Its elevator is 20 m. The land area is 298 ha. The land is high flat. Temperature ranges from 23˚C to 33˚C. The average rainfall is high that is 3556 mm. Vegetation is mainly tea, Albizzia adorattissima, rubber, eucalyptus, pineapples, bamboo, grasses and lemons. Malnichara Tea Estate  was started in 1854 AD. It is occupied by 1017 ha of land area. The elevation of this garden is 24 m. The land is mainly tillah. The temperature ranges from 23˚C to 34˚C. The average rainfall is 3300 mm that means high rainfall. The vegetation is similar to the above gardens. Kazi & Kazi Tea Estate  is the one and only organic tea garden in Bangladesh. It is situated in Panchaghar district. It was started in 2000 AD. The area of this garden is 1679 ha. The elevation is about 85 m from the sea level. The land is relatively high flat plain. Temperature varies from 25˚C to 35˚C. Average rain fall is low that is 1100 mm. Vegetation is mainly tea, besides Albizzia Lebeck, Albizzia adarattissima, various types of bushes and grasses are availablehere. Most of the peoples are day labors, the rest of the people are involved in various occupations.Soil samples were collected from the soil profiles are 0 – 5, 5 – 10, 10 – 15, 15 – 20 inch from Kazi & Kazi Tea Estate during 12th October to 18th November, 2018. Three pits were dug in each of the tea estates and 4 soil samples were collected from each depth of the profile. All of the soil samples of respective depth were well mixed and composite samples were prepared. They were brought to the laboratory and air-dried ground and sieved at 2 mm sieve.

The ground samples were kept in a plastic bottle and preserved in the laboratory till chemical analysis. The following parameters of the soil were determined.Soil sample was collected from tea gardens and air dried for several days in a clean room avoiding direct sunlight and dust,nft growing system after air drying, larger aggregates were broken by gentle hammering and then mixed thoroughly to make it a composite sample into soil pedology laboratory at Khulna University, Bangladesh. Dry roots, grasses and other particulate materials were discarded from the soil sample and then it was used for different investigations. 1 kg of the composite soil sample was ground into 4 particulars and screened to pass through 2 mm sieve. This sample was kept in plastic containers for chemical analysis and labeled properly.pH is an important parameter for tea cultivation. The pH values of the soils of the Tea estates were presented in Table 1. The pH values of the soils of different tea estates were around 4.5 in all depths of the profile. Such low pH might be due to the leaching of the base materials from the profiles by heavy rainwater in these hilly regions. This pH and the topographic conditions of the tea estates seem to be ideal for tea cultivation.Further the statistical analysis showed that there was nosignificant difference among tea ordinary estates but there was a significant difference among the depths of the profiles. But the pH value is much higher in Kazi & Kazi organic tea estate in compared to other ordinary tea estates.The available P & Fe was determined and results were presented in Table 2. Approximate amount of available P & Fe was found in the soils of all tea estates. The mineralogy of the soils might be responsible for such phenomena. The statistical evaluation of the results for available Phosphorus of the investigated soils did not differ significantly from each other in available Phosphorus contents. However, P was uniformly distributed in different depth of soil profile. Furthermore, there was no significant difference among tea estates but there was a significant difference among the depths of the profiles.Organic carbon, Organic matter, and total N contents at different depths of the soil profile of 4 tea estates were presented in Table 4. The organic matter contents of the soils of ordinary tea estates were generally low but enrich of Kazi & Kazi organic tea estate in the soil profiles influencing the contents of soil nitrogen. Organic matter content decreased with increasing depth of soil profile. In addition, cation exchange capacity and interrelated parameter to organic matter exhibit a similar trend like organic matter. The ANOVA tests showed that there was no significant difference in %OC of the tea estates, while a significant difference exists within the soil profiles. Furthermore, the statistical analysis of the results showed that there was a difference in organic matter contents between organic tea estates and ordinary tea estate as well as in the different depth of the soil profiles. From the results further showedthat OC and N were the highest in the topsoils of the sampling locations and then declined with depth. The soil consisting of less than 0.1% N is considered poor for tea cultivation.

In general, dementia needs to be addressed by various researchers to reduce the risk of morbidity and progression. And dementia was regarded as one of the lifestyle-related diseases, and it is estimated that about 10% of MCI  progresses to dementia in one year. Active and passive horticultural therapy technique has the characteristic that true communication can be easily constructed because it can improve the euphoria of the treated side. Many elderly people refrained from going out because the announcement of a state of emergency due to the COVID-19 epidemic called for refraining from going out. As a result, not only the amount of activity has decreased, but also the interaction with neighbors, relatives and acquaintances, and the use of welfare facilities for the elderly have decreased, and it is possible that social isolation has progressed. This tendency was particularly strong in the elderly living alone, and it had been reported that the risk of depression increases due to refraining from going out. A study of 20 European countries found that the number of people infected with COVID-19, and the number of deaths were negatively correlated with the average vitamin D levels in those countries. According to a report from the Philippines, COVID-19 became more severe in cases with a vitamin D concentration of less than 30 ng/mL, whereas it was mostly mild in cases with a vitamin D concentration of 30 ng/mL or more. It was presumed that the risk of dementia progression increases as the new lifestyle of isolation continues.Then, psychogeriatric medical care often takes time. Therefore, not only the care of the psychological conditions of the elderly person, but also the care of the medical person or family caregiver side is important. Multi-sensory stimulation is beneficial to a wide variety of conditions typical of geriatric patients and changes appeared in muscle tension, skin conductance and pulse that correlate with reduced blood pressure. In other words, engaging in horticultural activities may help improve the stability of the mind and generally facilitate a much broader and more positive attitude. It has been suggested that loneliness, especially emotional loneliness, is an important risk factor for the development of dementia in the general elderly in Japan. And the dynamics of the senses play an important role beyond mere reason and sensibility in people’s lives. The hand care therapy  included in the horticultural therapy which is the alternative medicine that utilized a plant, or its essential oil is utilized in various application scenes. In recent studies, HCT which was not active horticultural therapy but uses plant components as a passive horticultural therapy or aromatherapy technique, was expecting applicable to patients with early and severe dementia that cannot apply active horticultural therapy. On the other hand, dementia was regarded as one of the lifestyle-related diseases, and it is estimated that about 10% of MCI  progresses to dementia in one-year. From the perspective of preventing the conversion from MCI to dementia, the effectiveness of HCT was applied to cognitive impairment, iADL, and senile depression during the period from I  to VII . In the results, nft hydroponic system the use of HCT was shown to be effective in preventing dementia and MCI illness and slowing progression. However, in Japan, the number of elderly people who do not provide long-term care or outpatient rehabilitation has increased since March 2020, when the COVID 19 pandemics occurred.

Nine members of Group A  in this study suspended the use of welfare facilities for the elderly for more than 3 months. Seven of them resumed use of welfare facilities for the elderly from June to July 2020, and two stopped using the facilities. Continuing from the previous study, the elderly in this study lived in A city, with a population of about 160,000, 31.8% of those 65 years old or over and 16.1% of those 75 years old or over, which was the average region in Japan. The elderly people studied are those of Group A  in the previous study. Group E consisted of 4 women and 3 men, was a community-dwelling elderly person in an age of 82.0 ± 10.8 years, and the average degree of care required as of August 2020  were of 2.2 ± 0.7. Group F consisted of 11 women and 4 men and were an elderly person in an age of 84.7 ± 7.1 years, and a degree of care required of 2.1 ± 0.5. The elderly people studied are those of Group A . However, in Japan, the number of elderly people who do not provide long-term care or outpatient rehabilitation has increased since March 2020, when the COVID 19 pandemics occurred. The target elderly welfare facilities were not closed, but weekly HCT activities were suspended from March to July 2020 and resumed in August 2020. Nine members of Group A in this study suspended the use of welfare facilities for the elderly for more than 3 months. Seven of them resumed use of welfare facilities for the elderly from June to July 2020, and two stopped using the facilities. Therefore, these 7 people were designated as Group E, and the other 15 elderly people of Group A who continued to use the facility were designated as Group F. Group E consisted of 4 women 3 men, was an age of 82.0 ± 10.8 years, and the average degree of care required as of August 2020  were of 2.2 ± 0.7. Group F consisted of 11 women 4 men and was an elderly person in an age of 84.7 ± 7.1 years, and a degree of care required of 2.1 ± 0.5. All hand care treatments were handled by hand care therapists certified by the Japan Society of Phyto-therapy. Hand care therapists also included occupational therapy students. Furthermore, all evaluations were performed by occupational therapists. HCT is a touch care that sits in front of the subject, values relaxed breathing, and gently touches while building a relationship of trust with the other party. The study design is shown in Figure 1. We recruited 320 participants community-dwelling adults aged 70 years or older with memory problems.