In another study, the immersion of the roots of strawberries  in H2O2 increased plant growth, the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, the relative water content in leaves and antioxidant activity . For the previous cases, the exposure of H2O2 in roots increased the resistance of the plants to salinity stress. In another study, the addition of 10 mM H2O2 induced nitric oxide production in Mung Bean. However, previous investigations did not determine the nutritional profile. Plant nutrition studies are carried out using methods that require chemical extraction to determine an element , such as total N   and organic C. Equipment such as plasma spectrometry , or atomic absorption spectroscopy, several elements are analyzed at the same time in plant nutrition.We suggest that multielemental microanalysis by SEM/EDS is the adequate, fast, and precise tool for the determination of nutrients in plant tissue. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry  is an elemental microanalysis technique widely applied across a broad range of the physical and biological sciences, engineering, technology, and forensic investigations. Electron-excited characteristic X-ray peaks provide identification and quantification for all elements of the periodic table, with the exceptions of H, He, and Li. The previous technique has been used in plant tissue for nutritional diagnosis, to confirm deficiency symptoms or optimal nutritional ranges, in addition, to identify the accumulation of metals in different organs of the plant. In order to evaluate the precision and reliability of the SEM/EDS in the relative content of nutrients. It was experimentally simulated the development of theseedlings under two conditions. Semi-indeterminate growth tomato seedlings Pony Express were exposed hydroponically to different levels of Ca, to see changes in the concentration of nutrients, growth and biomass. As well as the immersion of tomato roots in H2O2 for 8 hours and find out if it affected the characteristics of the roots and elemental content, root, and leaves. And evaluate the differences in growth, biomass and elemental analysis in each organ of the seedlings using SEM coupled to EDS.Once the first experiment is evaluated, and before preparing and adding the Hoagland solution with the different concentrations of Ca.

To each tray, containing distilled water was added 10 mM hydrogen peroxide  and temporarily left for 8 hours with the oxygenation system with tomato seedlings. Subsequently, the Hoagland solution was renewed with calcium concentrations. Seven days later, the growth variables were measured: stem diameter, SPAD value, root length and seedling length. Fresh and dried root, stem and leaf biomass.Once the samples of the treatments with Ca levels and peroxide treatments have been quantified. The processing of the samples was developed according to those described by García-Gaytán et al.  and Bautista et al. : the total fresh biomass was quantified, the it was introduced in an oven  at 60˚C for 72 hours. The resulting dry biomass weight was milled Osterizer blender. The samples, once ground, vertical grow rack were put into capsules for a micro-grinding process. The micro-grinding was carried out in a team  for 9.0 minutes. To obtain a pellet of the particles of the micro-grinding, the sample was subjected to a hydraulic press  at 20 tons of pressure. The resulting tablet was placed in an aluminum mold. The relative content was determined in a scanning electron microscope , equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The value of the elementary composition corresponds to the average of three replicates between the treatments. The statistical analysis showed that the immersion of roots in peroxide in a period of 8 hours had no effect on the variable root length, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, fresh root biomass and fresh stem biomass . There were statistically significant differences in seedling height, with the 25 mM Ca treatment, the increase was 19.75% compared to the control. There were statistically significant differences for the fresh biomass of leaves with 100 mM Ca, the increase was 60.80% compared to the control . There were no statistically significant differences for the variables of dry biomass of leaf, stem, and root. Astudy by Souri and Dehnavard  on 17-week-old tomato plants found that Ca nitrate significantly affected plant height, leaf area, and number of lateral roots compared to urea, and sulfate of ammonium.When the roots are exposed to peroxide and then restored in nutrient solution, it was shown that those with 25 mM Ca, carbon in leaves increased by 1.46% compared to the control and by 7.33% compared to the treatment with 50 mM Ca . There were no statistically significant differences for O and N. The statistical analysis showed that with 50 mM of Ca in the NS, the concentration of P and K in leaf tissue increased by 44.11% and 29.85% compared to the control .

The Ca concentration in the leaf increased with the 100 mM Ca treatment by 41.29% compared to the control , and higher by 29.35% compared to the Ca concentration in the treatment without peroxide immersion . There were no significant differences for Mg and Cl between treatments. The S and Fe in leaf tissue was significantly higher in the control treatment by 56.14% and 8.33% compared to the treatment with 100 mM Ca . The values in tomato roots once exposed to peroxide and its reconditioning to NS are shown in Table 4. The multielemental microanalysis detected 10 nutrients in the root . The statistical analysis showed that there were no significant statistical differences for C, O, N, P, and S. The root control treatment presented significant statistical differences for K and Cl, as it was higher by 47.61% and 55% with respect to the treatment with 100 mM Ca . The statistical analysis showed that with 100 mM of Ca in the NS, the Ca and Mg in the root increased by 83.48% and 40.47% .Cocks Comb  is an annual growing up to 30 – 90 cm in height. Its inflorescence looks like a spike. The flowers are yellow, pink, red, and purple in color. They are very durable and can be dried and used as dry flower bunch for winter . Cockscombs are propagated by the seeds . It is highly heliotrope and despite it is drought resistant, keeping soil moisture in hot sunny days can help the production of good flowers . Cockscombs are affected by soil salinity in arid and semi-arid regions due to high temperatures and evaporation and low precipitation. Salinity reduces water potential in root zone by reducing available water potential on the one hand and some ions leave toxic impacts on plants’ physiological and biochemical processes on the other hand. Both phenomena disrupt the uptake of the nutrients by the roots, and finally, reduce plants’ growth. Salinity susceptibility of plants  varies at different growth stages . Grime and Campbell  stated that most plants show the highest susceptibility to salinity stress at germination and flowering stages, whereas suggesting seed germination stage as the most susceptible stage . Seed germination percentage and rate are among the most effective factors in salinity stress conditions. One adverse impact of salinity on plants is the reduction of photosynthetic activity that results in the loss of chlorophyll, CO2 uptake, and photosynthetic capacity . Germination percentage and rate are the most important factors among seed germination parameters that are affected by salinity stress . Grime and Campbell  stated that plants are the most susceptible to salinity stress at seed germination and early seedling growth . Edward and Bison  reported that the presence of certain ions and their effect on membrane permeability and germination-related enzymatic activity may accelerate germination under salinity stress . There are various strategies to cope with the negative impacts of stresses. Seed priming is a method to reduce the adverse effects of stresses like salinity  , and to induce initial resistance to environmental stresses. As well, seed priming is a pre-germination physiological method to improve the seed yield and help quicker and more uniform germination .

The examination of the effect of different priming treatments on the germination of watermelon seeds under osmotic and thermal stresses revealed the loss of mean germination time and the increase in final germination of the seeds hydro-primed and primed with potassium nitrate as compared to control . In another study, priming with potassium nitrate improved the germination of the sunflower seeds in salinity stress and hydropriming had the most favorable influence on radicle and plumule growth . As salinity stress was intensified,vertical grow table the sunflower seeds primed with potassium nitrate and sodium chloride exhibited higher emergence rate than the unprimed seeds . Today, the saline lands are growing by improper management and other related activities. As previous studies have shown, seed priming can be a good managerial approach to improve plant growth under environmental stresses, especially soil and irrigation water salinity.Potassium nitrate is a widely used chemical for germination enhancement. The 0.1% and 0.2% solutions are common in conventional germination trials and have been recommended by AOSA and ISTA for the germination trial on most species . The present study aimed at examining the influence of different treatments of salinity and potassium nitrate on germination parameters of Cocks Comb  seeds and determining their salinity resistance.As the salinity is intensified and the electrical conductivity of the solution is increased from control to 12 dS, germination percentage is lost . According to Fenando et al. , the increase in salinity resulted in the loss of germination of Chenopodium quinona . In addition, Rajabi and Poustini  reported that 0 and 3 dS·m−1 salinities were significant different in terms of germination percentage and that the stress caused ion toxicity and the loss of germination . The loss of germination percentage and rate by higher salinity can be related to the excessive presence of cations and anions that, beside causing toxicity, reduce water potential because of their solubility in water, so that despite the existence of water in the environment, their reactionary capacity is occupied by the ions and so, plants cannot uptake them, facing a kind of water deficiency . In Rajabi and Poustini  and Khaleghi and Moallemi , higher salinity and EC decreased root length. Overall, the loss of germination and seedling growth under higher concentrations of salts in the medium is related the physico-chemical effects or toxic-osmotic consequences of the minerals contained in saline solution. In fact, as osmotic pressure is increased by higher salinity of the medium, seed imbibitions are disrupted on the one hand, and higher concentration of anions and cations in the medium becomes toxic to seeds, hindering their germination. Furthermore, the negative impacts of salinity on membrane permeability, cell division, protein synthesis, and enzymatic activity extends mean germination time and reduces germination speed and radicle elongation .

In a study on Aragania spinosa, significant differences were found among salinity levels in germination rate, radicle length, and dry weight and as salinity concentration was increased, germination time was not affected; rather, germination rate, root length, and radicle dry weight were decreased . Also, relatively numerous studies on different plants have shown that higher salinity results in the loss of plumule and radicle length and dry weight as compared to control . The increase in salinity level under in vitro conditions was associated with the loss of germination percentage of all priming treatments, so that 4 dS·m−1 salinity resulted in lower germination percentage in control, hydroprimed seeds and seeds primed with 3 and 6 g·l−1 KNO3 than no salinity by 34%, 14% and 10% . Higher germination percentage and emergence of primed seeds under salinity conditions are related to the fulfillment of some germination processes during seed priming including imbibitions and the synthesis of nucleic acids  which shortens germination time and then, seeds would need shorter time for germination that unprimed seeds under salinity conditions. Furthermore, mean germination time and emergence are important factors in improving emergence percentage of primed seeds under stress conditions as compared to control  seeds. It has been suggested that faster exit of radicle and plumule from primed seeds is caused by more efficient water uptake and metabolic activity during germination  and that higher water uptake capability of primed seeds vs. unprimed seeds influences germination percentage and rate positively . Also, accelerated germination of primed seeds can be related to higher cell division rate in these seeds  and the stimulation of some metabolic activities engaged in the first phase of germination .